Marsa
Tsuraya
14612454
4SA04
Tugas 4
Softskill
Direct speech is when we
report what someone says by repeating the exact words. In writing, we use
inverted commas.
Example
: "I have to talk to you about something," said David
Indirect speech (also called
reported speech) is when we give the same meaning of what someone says without
repeating the exact words. In this case, we do not use inverted commas and
certain changes may be necessary.
Example
: David said he had to talk to me about something.
The
changes that need to be from the Direct to Indirect Speech:
1. To
be & Auxiliary Verbs
Direct
Indirect
Am/is/are
- was/were
Shall/will -
should/would
Can
- could
May
- might
Must
Have/has
to -
had to
Ought
to
2. Time
& Place
Direct
Indirect
now
- then
tomorrow
- the following day
next
week
- the following week
tonight
- that night
today
- that day
yesterday
- the day before
last
night -
the night before
last
week
- the week before,
the precious week
here -
there
this -
that
these
- those
3. Tenses
Direct
Indirect
Simple
present
- simple past
Simple
past
- past perfect
Present
perfect
Present
continous
- past continous
Present
perfect continous - past
perfect continous
Simple
future
- past future
Three kinds of
Direct and Indirect Speech
a. Statement
In indirect statement, "that"
is used as a connector between the introductory sentences and words reported. If
the introductory sentence in the form of Simple Present Tense, then the
sentence which reported no change. Introductory sentences in indirect statement
is:
He
said
He
said to
me
that + reported words
He
told me
Example:
Direct
: He said, “Adi is ill”
Indirect
: He said that adi was ill
b. Command
Command
consist of two types:
Positive
command and negative command
Positive
Command
In the core pattern introductory phrase
is expressed with verbs: tell, ask, advise, etc. To be followed by the
infinitive. Introductory sentences in these types are:
to +
infinitive
Example:
Direct
: The teacher said to me : “open your book”
Indirect
: The teacher asked me to open my book
Negative
Command
The statement
is negative sentence. In order not to negatively we add in front of the command
reported.
Example:
Direct
: Father asked me : “ Don’t go out”
Indirect
: Father asked me no to go out
c. Question
When direct questions (direct question)
use words such questions as; Where, When, Why, What, Who, How, etc., then these
words are used as intermediaries in Reported Speech. Questions were reported
change into a positive form. Introductory sentence is:
Positive
Form
|
He
asked me Where
When etc.
Example:
The
man asked me : “Where do you live ?”
The
man asked me where I lived.
If the direct question does not use the
question marks, and the only question in the form of "Yes & No
Question", then we use the words if from, whether (if, if) as a connector between
the introductory sentence and the question that was reported.
Example:
The
boy asked John : “Does Mary live near here?”
The
boy asked John if Mary lived near there.
Imperative
Infinitive
form
Example:
He
told me, “wait for me !”
He
told me to wait for him.
Negative Form
Example:
She
told me, “don’t cheat anymore !”
She
told me not to cheat anymore.
Exercise 1
Choose
the correct answer!
1. Did
they eat out together yesterday?
a. He
asked me if they had eaten out yesterday.
b. He
asked me if they had eaten out together the day before.
c. He
asked me if they has eaten out together the day before.
d. He
asked me if they have eaten out together the day before.
2. Don’t
turn off the light now.
a. He
told me don’t turn off the light at that time.
b. He
told me not to turn off the light at that time.
c. He
told me didn’t turn off the light at that time.
d. He
told me didn’t turn off the light at now.
3. What’s
your passion?
a. She
wanted to know what is my passion.
b. She
wanted to know what was my passion.
c. She
wanted to know what my passion was.
d. She
wanted to know what was my passion.
4. I
begin to understand the concept of biodiversity.
a. He
asked me that he began to understand the concept of biodiversity.
b. He
wanted to know if he began to understand the concept of biodiversity.
c. He
said that he began to understand the concept of biodiversity.
d. He
said that I began to understand the concept of biodiversity.
5. Your
friend has just left.
a. He
told me that your friend had just left.
b. He
told me that my friend has just left.
c. He
told me that my friend had just left.
d. He
told me that my friend have just left.
Exercise 2
Complete
the sentences in reported speech. Note the change of pronouns and tenses.
1.
“ where is my umbrella?”she asked.
She
asked……………………………………..
2. “ how are you?”Martin asked us.
Martin
asked us…………………………
3. he asked,”Do I have to do it?”
he
asked………………………………
4. “ where have you been?”the mother asked her daughter.
The
mother asked her daughter………………………………………
5. “ which dress do you like best?”she asked her boyfriend.
She
asked her boyfriend…………………………………………………
Source:
http://strataway10.blogspot.co.id/2015/03/soal-latihan-dan-kunci-jawaban.html
https://dwikacahayu.wordpress.com/2012/03/25/direct-indirect-speech/
https://dwikacahayu.wordpress.com/2012/03/25/direct-indirect-speech/
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