Active and Passive Voice
Active and
Passive Voice definition
- Active Voice is sentence where the subject do an action.
- Passive Voice is a grammatical constraction where the subject sentence do not take action, but receiver of action or continued by another agent either mentioned or not.
Active and Passive Voice Patterns
- Active
Subject + verb + object
- Passive
Subject + be + verb 3 +
by + object + modifier
Auxiliary
be (is, are, am, was, were, be, been, being)
Example:
- Active: Tom cleans the house
- Passive: The house is cleaned by Tom
Active and Passive voice patterns
in several tenses
- If the active voice in the simple present tense, then 'be' passive voice: is, am or are.
S
+ To Be + V3
Example:
Active : She waters this plant every two days
Passive : This plant is watered by her every two
days
Exercise
He listens to
the music
Answer:
....................................
- If the active voice in the simple past tense, then 'be' passive voice: was or were.
S
+ To Be + V3
Example:
Active : She watered this plant this morning
Passive : This plant was watered by her this
morning
Exercise
He watched an
interesting movie last night
Answer:
....................................
- If the active voice in the present continuous tense, then 'be' passive voice: is, am, or are + being.
S
+ To Be + Being + V3
Example:
Active : She is watering this plant now
Passive : his plant is being watered
by her now
Exercise
We are studying
english
Answer:
....................................
- If the active voice in the past continuous tense, then 'be' passive voice: was or were
+ being.
S + Was/ Were + Being + V3
Example:
Active : She was watering this plant
Passive : This plant was being watered
by her
Exercise
She was watching TV
Answer:
....................................
- If the active voice in the present perfect tense, then 'be' passive voice: been which laid after the auxiliary has or have, so that a 'has been' or 'have been'.
S
+ Have/ Has + Been + V3
Example:
Active : She has watered this plant for 5 minutes
Passive : This plant has been watered by her for 5
minutes
Exercise
She has sent a
letter
Answer:
....................................
- If the active voice in the past perfect tense, then 'be' passive voice: been which laid after the auxiliary had, thus becoming had been.
S + Had + Been + V3
Example:
Active : She had watered this plant for 5 minutes
when I got here
Passive : This plant had been watered
by her for 5 minutes when I got here
Exercise
She had heard the bad news
Answer:
....................................
- Active and Passive voice with modals. Modals are may, must, can, could, ought to, should.
Object + modals+ be + verb3
Example:
Active : Our English teacher may give an exam
today.
Passive : An exam may be given by our English
teacher today.
Exercise
You should study
the lessons repeatedly.
Answer:
....................................
Transitive and
Intransitive verb
Transitive and
Intransitive verb definition
·
Transitive are
action verbs that have an object to receive that action.
·
Intransitive
verbs are action verbs but unlike transitive verbs, they do not have
an object receiving the action.
Example:
Transitive : I moved the chair
Intransitive : I cried
Exercise
Decide whether the verbs
in bold are transitive or intransitive.
1. She was crying all day long.
Answer:
....................................
2. We showed her the photo album.
Answer:
....................................
3. It was raining at that time.
Answer:
....................................
4. She gave a cookie to the child.
Answer:
....................................
5. She laughed at the joke.
Answer:
....................................
Source:
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